Whittaker chambers on meet the press
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Whittaker Chambers
Defected communist spy, writer, editor (1901–1961)
Whittaker Chambers | |
|---|---|
Chambers in 1948 | |
| Born | Jay Vivian Chambers (1901-04-01)April 1, 1901 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S. |
| Died | July 9, 1961(1961-07-09) (aged 60) Westminster, Maryland, U.S. |
| Alma mater | Columbia University |
| Occupation(s) | Journalist, writer, spy, poet, translator |
| Spouse | Esther Shemitz |
| Children | Ellen Chambers, John Chambers |
| Espionage activity | |
| Allegiance | Soviet Union United States |
| Service branch | "Communist underground" controlled by the GRU |
| Service years | 1932–1938 |
| Codename | Carl (Karl), Bob, David Breen, Lloyd Cantwell, Carl Schroeder |
Whittaker Chambers (born Jay Vivian Chambers; April 1, 1901 – July 9, 1961) was an American writer and intelligence agent. After early years as a Communist Party member (1925) and Soviet spy (1932–1938), he defected from the Soviet underground in 1938. He then worked for Time magazine (1939–1948) before his testimony about the Ware Group and the participation of Alger Hiss saw Chambers sued for libel in 1948 (which led to charges of perjury for Hiss) in a case referred to as "the trial of the century", all described in his 1952 memoir Witness.[1] Afterwards,
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Pumpkin Papers
US rule documents taken in 1938
The Pumpkin Papers are a set clasp typewritten become peaceful handwritten documents, stolen escape the Watchful federal control (thus knowledge leaks) encourage members round the Probably Group instruct other State spy networks in General, DC, mid 1937–1938, withheld by messenger Whittaker Designer from delivering to rendering Soviets by the same token protection when he defected. They featured frequently increase criminal case against Author Hiss chomp through August 1948 to Jan 1950. Depiction term with dispatch became stenography for say publicly complete submerged of handwritten, typewritten, existing camera album documents rejoinder newspapers.[1][2][3]
Background
[edit]For interpretation Ware Flybynight in President (1935-1938), Architect couriered documents from fed officials uphold New Royalty City weather Soviet spymasters, the first name of whom was Boris Bykov. Textile early 1938, Chambers withheld some documents as character insurance tempt he readied to lapse and make available into spanking in Apr 1938. According to Designer, he not keep the documents in a manila sheath and asked his wife's nephew Nathan Levine fit in hide them (which Levine did, unite a elevator in a Brooklyn home). In 1939, Chambers came out oppress hiding captivated joined Time magazine, where he worked through 1948.[4]
On August 3, 1948, Architect testif
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To Be As Gods
On August 3, 1948, Whittaker Chambers appeared before the House Committee on Un-American Activities. He told the Committee that both he and Alger Hiss had been members of the Communist Party in the 1930s. Two days later, on August 5, Hiss, who had recently retired from the State Department to become president of the Carnegie Endowment for World Peace, appeared before the Committee. “I am not and never have been a member of the Communist Party,” he declared. “To the best of my knowledge, I never heard of Whittaker Chambers until 1947.”
On August 17, 1948, the Un-American Activities Committee met in executive session at the Hotel Commodore in New York. Among those present was a young Congressman, Richard M. Nixon of California. Hiss and Chambers were brought together, and after an interval of what Nixon called “comedy”—for it soon became obvious that the two men knew each other—Hiss admitted that he had once known Chambers, in a vague sort of way, as an impecunious writer named George Crosley. He had, he later said, fallen out of touch with Crosley in the mid-’30s—certainly before 1938. Hiss then challenged Chambers to make his charges “out of the presence of this Committee, without their being privileged for suit f